Lost in Africa

a plush affair escort companion cape town south africa

admin — Sun, 23 Aug 2009 08:52:18 +0000

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Kenya Tour All Inclusive Packages-kenya Tour Discount Packages

admin — Sun, 23 Aug 2009 03:37:31 +0000

Kenya Tour -All Inclusive tour of Africa

All inclusive Kenya tour information. The most bargain Kenya tour options are the all inclusive safari packages. Best all inclusive African Kenya tour packages will mostly include a package of bargain flights to Africa, national park tour, local transport and accommodation in wilderness lodges and hotels. In Kenya, inclusive packages have a characteristic of putting all the components of a safari in one. The tour operators are able to negotiate discounts from suppliers of beds, flight seats, local transport seats and entertainment spots. The discounts are further passed on to the travelers to Kenya.

This provides a discounted Kenya tour package to an otherwise expensive tour. For example, the cost of a return flight from the USA to Kenya would normally go for usd 1700 in the tourist season. If you calculate how much a family of six would have to spend on air fare alone, then the sense of purchasing all inclusive packages becomes evident.

All Inclusive Kenya Tours-How You Benefit From

On the local scene, Kenya tour providers would include lodges in Kenya tour national parks, safari van transport companies, Kenya car rentals and entertainment spots. When a tour operator negotiates for discounts and commissions from such providers, they are able to pass on the same to you on your Kenya tour. At the least you are able to get the best all inclusive Kenya tour packages at the cost price since the operator is able to enjoy commissions as his profit as opposed to marking up on the different components of the Kenya safari.

Itâ€™s therefore pennywise to insist on all inclusive Kenya tour packages when negotiating for your safari tour. In most cases you will be able to cut off more than 30% of the cost of the Kenya tour which s unnecessarily added up as mark ups by the selling middle men. More the reason to use Kenya local tour operator when booking your next Kenya all inclusive tour package.

There are a variety of all inclusive Kenya tour safaris which can be obtained from your tour operator. You will need to be wary of Kenya tour packages that seem overly cheap or low cost. The marketing gimmick mostly employed by overseas tour operators is to only present you with their cost price which includes only part of the Kenya tour components.

The Vacation Marketing Tricks Played On You By Operator

Other tour components like entry charges to game parks, taxes, cover charges are deliberately left out and no mention is made of them. Or if they do, they only give them rough estimate and label them as local charges. This marketing gimmick seems to work well into deceiving you that you are getting a sell off, down right steal all inclusive Kenya tour. However, what you might initially have cost you say, $1200 for a 10 day safari, turns out to be more costly when you arrive and the total cost of your Kenya tour tallies to $3000 for the same 10 days. Worse cases is where you jump into the Kenya tour deal without doing proper research into exactly how much more you would have to pay on arrival as local charges.

I once had a very very hard time trying to convince a potential visitor from Europe that a 20 day Kenya tour would in no probable way cost a paltry $300. When she gave me the website they had got the offer from (and even had confirmed prices on phone from them), she was shocked when together we tallied all the hidden costs that amounted to a whopping $5000. So much for the $300 Africa Kenya vacation tour. In an instant her dreams of a super cheap Kenya tour evaporated. Lets face it, it cant be that cheap to travel half way round the world to Africa without a sponsorship program!!

All Inclusive Tour Operator Tricks-How To Beat Them

The best way to beat this marketing trick is to compare, compare and compare prices, then bargain as best as you can. Of course your bargaining should also bear in mind that a low end cheap tour might not be what you want. And again, very cheap prices for all inclusive Kenya tour might mean that you are being accommodated in equally cheap places. It helps to know the average cost of accommodation, park entry and average transport in a Kenya tour.

This way your Kenya tour will not turn into a low end dirt cheap and uncomfortable adventure. In my work I have had visitors who bargained so hard that on arrival they felt they could have spent a little more to enjoy the comforts of the truly magical safari park lodges in Kenya. Believe me it helps to do your research well and know when you are being ripped off.

All Inclusive Best Kenya Tour Safaris

Some of the common Kenya all inclusive tour packages highlight one or more of the many Kenya tour attractions, parks and landmarks. Below is a list of some of the all inclusive Africa Kenya tour packages on offer either as a single attraction safari or a combination of more than two.

Africa Kenya all inclusive beach tour

Africa Kenya Africa all inclusive national park tour

Africa Kenya all inclusive animal tour

Africa Kenya all inclusive water safari tour

Africa Kenya all inclusive family tour

Africa Kenya all inclusive lake tour

Kenya all inclusive overland tour

Kenya all inclusive walking and trekking tour

All inclusive Kenya camping tour

All inclusive Kenya mountain climbing tour

All inclusive Kenya fishing tour

All inclusive Kenya golf tour

All inclusive Kenya rift valley tour

All inclusive Kenya Africa desert tour

All inclusive Africa Kenya bird watching tour

All inclusive African Kenya historical tour

All inclusive Africa Kenya cultural tour

All inclusive Africa Kenya education tour

All inclusive Africa Kenya mission and charity tour

All inclusive Kenya tribal tour

All inclusive Kenya sports tour

All inclusive Kenya adventure tour

All inclusive Kenya Christmas tour

All inclusive Kenya home stay tour

Kenya all inclusive wilderness tour

Kenya all inclusive forest tour

Kenya all inclusive African lion tour

Kenya all inclusive business tour

All inclusive worry free Kenya tour

All inclusive Africa Kenya sightseeing tour

All inclusive Kenya Africa coastal tour

Do the math-Yourself!

The best way to get a favorably priced all inclusive Kenya tour is to firstly research on the actual prices of the separate components of your itinerary. When you are done you can now compare prices of the different all inclusive Africa Kenya tour packages. This will be easy to compare which is the most favorable price with your original non discounted gross price. That is you establish the ceiling amount of the sum of all components of your safari. I know its hard work, but well worth it. You will be surprised at how much you know of the destination even before you set foot there.

You may need to bear in mind that cheap is also expensive at times. Otherwise; buy your self a very adventurous Kenya tour vacation in East Africa.

Kenya Safari, Where to Find Fun and Adventure

admin — Sun, 23 Aug 2009 02:53:09 +0000

Kenya is one of the top tourist destinations in Africa. A safari to Kenya is for sure a lifetime adventure where relaxation and enjoyment top your Kenya vacation.The diversity of your fun stretches from the sandy beaches at the coast areas to the fun at the hiking of mountain Kenya and the Masai Mara migration on safari, while not forgetting the breathtaking rift valley where you will find sample diverse habitats.

Some facts you need to know about traveling to Kenya are that much as Nairobi is the most popular city, other towns providing perhaps more adventure include Mombasa and Kisumu. A city tour to Nakuru, Eldoret, Nyeri and Meru is equally exciting.

The form of currency is the Kenya shillings with an abbreviation, K sh. Its possible to use the major credit cards like the VISA and MASTER CARD. The ATMS are found at band branches, airports, shopping malls and gas stations.

A number of facilities in form of accommodation have been put up to cope with the growing number of tourists. Safari lodges in abundance as well us upmarket hotels and other forms of accommodation surround the national parks and other tourist destinations, just for your comfort and relaxation.

Among the challenges of Kenya include the fact that it has a high crime rate in cities like Nairobi. Tourists have to be extremely careful. If is safer to travel in a taxi than the public means.There is also a growing concern in the national parks during the peak season. Notably, during the migration of the wild beasts in Masai Mara, the place is congested with tourists and safari vehicles.

All in all, Kenya is not a destination to miss when it comes to choosing a safari to Africa. A visit to parks including Masai Mara, Lake Nakuru, Marsabit, Amboseli and Mount Kenya will be a perfect strategy for fun and adventure.

Nutritional benefits of passion fruit

admin — Sat, 22 Aug 2009 22:33:26 +0000

Origin:

The purple passion fruit is native from of the rain forest margins in southern Brazil through Paraguay to northern Argentina. . It has adapted to the cooler sub-tropics and the high altitude tropics. There are many other species spread widely around the globe and about 50 species are native to New Zealand, Australia, the Pacific and South East Asia

It has been stated that the yellow form is of unknown origin, or perhaps native to the Amazon region of Brazil, or is a hybrid between two species. Cytological studies have not borne out the hybrid theory. Brazil, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, India, South Africa, Kenya, Philippines, Indonesia and several other countries in Asia, Africa and South America in Australia the purple passion fruit was flourishing and partially naturalized in coastal areas of Queensland before 1900. In Hawaii, seeds of the purple passion fruit, brought from Australia, were first planted in 1880.

Passion fruit acquired its name from Spanish missionaries who thought parts of the plant’s flower resembled different religious symbols. The missionaries who accompanied the Conquistadors to South America saw in its striking flower a means of illustrating the Crucifixion; the 10 petals and sepals represented the apostles, the crown of thorns was seen in the filaments, the five anthers represent the five wounds, the three stigmas were allied with the nails used to pierce the hands and feet of Jesus and the vine’s tendrils were equated with the whips.

Nutrition Facts General Information:

Low in Saturated Fat, Cholesterol and Sodium

High in Dietary Fiber, Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Potassium

The nutritional value and health benefits of passion fruit make it ideal for:

Maintaining optimum health

Weight loss

Avoid including passion fruit in your diet if you’re interested in:

Weight gain

Passion fruit is a good source of vitamins A and C, as well as potassium and iron. One passion fruit has only 16 calories. When eaten with the seeds, a serving is an excellent source of fiber. Passion fruit is a good source of fiber. It relieves muscle tension and anxiety and is used to calm the nerves, headaches and muscle aches and spasms. Passion fruit is known to lower blood pressure and is especially useful for nervous insomnia.

Nutritional Highlights

Passion fruit (raw), 1 cup (236g)

Calories: 228

Protein: 5.2g

Carbohydrate: 55g

Total Fat: 1.6g

Fiber: 24.5g

Excellent source of: Vitamin A and Vitamin C (70.8mg)

Consultation of web sites for writing this article is thankfully acknowledged.

Land the Right Hotel in Africa

admin — Sat, 22 Aug 2009 06:34:16 +0000

The Garden Court Eastgate is an ideal hotel for business and leisure travelers alike due to its central location directly opposite the Eastgate Shopping Mall, with easy access to major highways.

This 157 room Johannesburg hotel has a prime location in Eastgate, a fast developing business node just 10 minutes drive from Johannesburg International Airport, thus making it strategic for business and pleasure alike.

The variety of leisure, business and recreational activities makes it a haven for those who would like to combine work and leisure at the same time. A full range of business facilities is available including wireless internet access in the public areas. Although set in a fast developing business node, the guests will surely enjoy a relaxed pace within the hotelâ€™s attractive garden setting.

Protea Hotel Shakaland is situated in the heart of Zululand, between Eshowe and Melmoth, nestling on the top of the Entombeni Hills, overlooking the Umhlatuze Lake.

It is more than just a tourist attraction – it is an enriching experience affording a better understanding of the Zulu nation, its people and their intriguing customs. Experience staying in a traditional Zulu â€œUmuziâ€ or homestead. Your stay will truly encapsulate the rich tradition of the Zulu people in Africa. Experience the sight of assegaai-wielding warriors, share the fascinating secrets of the Sangomas and witness traditional customs such as tribal dancing, spear making and the beer-drinking ceremonies.

Apart from the experience, the hotel offers first-class accommodation, which consist of traditional beehive huts with all the modern conveniences, including en-suite bathrooms.

It is exquisitely located on the Eastern Head of Knysna, huggin the rugged Southern Cape coastline. Pezula Resort Hotel & Spa is Africaâ€™s is known to be the first truly luxury resort, which can combine the luxury of pleasure and business combined.

It has 82 magnificent suites (20 junior, 60 luxury and 2 executive). The luxury of massage, different spa services and therapy are just some a few of their services Despite of the very subtle mood in the resort you can have the most modern amenities in your hand.

Pezula Resort Hotel and Spa was recently named one of the Top 20 Overseas Leisure Hotels – Middle East, Africa and the Indian Ocean Islands, by the 2006 CondÃ© Nast Traveller (UK) Readersâ€™ Travel Awards.

The Table Bay Hotel, located on Cape Townâ€™s Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, South Africa. It offers 329 rooms (which include single, double, luxury rooms and suites) with magnificent views of either the Atlantic Ocean or Table Mountain. The Hotel is also only a minuteâ€™s walk from the hub of the Capeâ€™s bustle and action, the finest restaurants, shops, boutiques and galleries found in Cape Town are just within the reach.

The Table Bay Hotel is an architectural work of art, combining Victorian grace with contemporary attraction and allure. The grand lounge with its cathedral ceiling and twin fireplaces is truly an architectural site to behold. A stay at the Table Bay Hotel will make your holiday memorable.

From its private balconies or terraces is the break taking and serene view of the red sea and beyond. The hotel offers great recreational facilities which include five swimming pools, beauty center, and two health clubs. Also includes a football, tennis and squash court. Having the only ice skating center in the place is another pride of this hotel. Different choices of restaurant and bars serving international cuisine are also available. Known as the best diving location in the world, the underwater scenery and coral reefs are a must to be seen by all guests.

The Maasai community: Living in the past

admin — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 22:22:06 +0000

The Maasai are a herding culture tribe in Kenya and Tanzania, Africa. Their lifestyle reflects the harsh environment in which they live, with unpredictable rainfall and difficult agricultural conditions.

The Maasai keep zebu as their primary cattle, but the also farm cows, sheep and goats, and occasionally chickens. Because of the wet and dry seasons- as oppose to summer and winter- they often have to graze their herds far from their settlements to find water and vegetation. This job falls to the men.

The only other important job that is carried out by the men of the tribes is making decisions, for example which tribe will graze where during the wet and dry seasons. Jobs such as cooking, milking the cattle, gathering wood and water and close herding fall to the women of the tribe.

The cattle eat from the sparse vegetation in the area, whilst the people eat rice, dairy products, beans and ugali- a maize-based product. The Maasai do not eat their animals except on special occasions, they only trade them for crops, as they do not grow crops themselves. However, the Maasai drink the blood of their animals to get important nutrients for their bodies, although they are careful not to kill the cattle, as their wealth is measured in the number of animals they keep.

Both the people of the tribes and their cattle get their water from the same sources, mainly waterholes, wells and other natural sources such as rivers. However, neither the people nor the cattle can drink from the so called “soda lakes”, as they are polluted by volcanic ash.

To find enough vegetation, and in order to profit from the relief rain in the high mountain ranges of Kenya, the Maasai move their cattle to higher terrain- mostly above 2000 metres- throughout the dry season. In the wet season, they then return to sub 2000 metres, as there is enough water to go around. They also have to move around a lot, as it takes the vegetation longer to recover with the dry, hot climate.

Inclusive in the shifting nature of this culture are, sadly, many problems. Over-grazing is a common problem, as the Maasai have to share a restricted area to graze their cattle in each season. This leads to lack of water and disease spreads easily, as the animals are living in close quarters. These problems result in rising tensions between tribes and tribe elders.

The final problem that arises is a result of all other factors. Namely, desertification. The over-grazing leads to erosion of the ground, and the vegetation does not recover well after the cattle leaves. All in all, this means that the Maasai area is becoming a victim of desertification.

As a solution to these problems, the Maasai has formed the aforementioned “council of elders”, which makes decisions as to which tribe will graze where and when, to avoid over-grazing and the destruction of the land. However, this is only a short-term solution.

The Maasai culture is slowly being lost to the dominant, over-developing “Western” culture. This can be seen in the increasing amount of western clothes found in their tribes, and also the modernising of houses and the use of plastic containers and storage devises. This is very sad, as the Maasai is one of the few “original” shifting cultures we have left, and we should do all we can to protect it.

How to Reserve the Most Enjoyable Golf Lodging Around Spain

admin — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 18:15:06 +0000

If you want to combine amazing prices with an incredible golf hotel, Spain is where you need to go. The service is at European levels, the grounds are incredible, the golf is even better and the prices are affordable.

In Costa del Sol in Spain, you’ll find the Valderrama Golf Club in Sotogrande, a 6,857-yard, Robert Trent Jones designed golf course that annually hosts the Volvo Masters and has been described as the most visually striking course in continental Europe.

But that’s not the only hot course in the region or the country. Costa del Sol is home to 36 courses alone and Spain itself offers hundreds of both public and private courses for you to enjoy. To find out more about the region and the best courses, keep reading.

The Andalusia Region

Costa del Sol is located in Andalusia and it’s only a 50 minute flight from Madrid. Along this incredible coastline, there are piles of amazing courses. Aside from the golf though, you can enjoy beautiful Spanish towns, hike nearby hills or simply lie by the beach and relax.

Recommended Golf Courses

Valderrama isn’t just a difficult course – it’s also hard to obtain a tee time unless you have a lot of advance notice. If you can’t get into Valderamma, you may want to try one of the following other courses or resorts. The Golf Club Marbella was also designed by Robert Trent Jones and is located close by. The Real Club de Golf Las Brisas is historic and gorgeous. The Golf Torrequebrada is tortuous and a course for the truly adventurous.

Other Things to Do

Along the fabled coastline, now bursting with hotels, marinas and casinos, there are also many small harbors where boats can be chartered for fishing expeditions and water skiing. Yet if visitors have already found enough water on golf courses, they should consider other diversions, such as excursions to Grenada, Seville and small whitewashed towns in the Sierra Nevadas first settled by the Phoenicians and Romans centuries ago.

But no matter what your pleasure, whether it’s golf, a cultural adventure, or even a short ferry ride to Morocco from the port town of Algeciras – at day’s end, eat and drink heartily, because on the Costa del Sol, particularly at its many beachside restaurants, the no-frills cooking is pescadito sardines and small squid or calamaritos, usually roasted on spits and, best of all, served with famous sweet Malaga wines.

Places to Stay

If you need a golf hotel, Spain has a number of great resorts in the Andalusia region. When your taste is old-school style and luxury, then try the Marbella Club Hotel. On the other hand, if you want something a little more modern and budget-friendly, try the Atalaya Park Golf Hotel and Resort. Finally, for the best in five-star golf, stay at the Fairplay Golf Hotel and Spa.

Spain is such a beautiful location for a vacation anyway. But when you combine such a trip with the thrill of a superb golf course, that is a very tough combination to beat.

A review of the top fine dining restaurants in Atlanta

admin — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 13:57:38 +0000

With such a vast range of upscale restaurants in Atlanta, choosing where to dine can be difficult. So how does anybody decide on just one? By knowing the best of the best: the ones with features that stand out from the rest.

Most Authentic Local: Restaurant Eugene

Most Atlanta restaurants take pride in Southern hospitality, but Restaurant Eugene is one of the few that offer upscale down-home cuisine to go along with it. With dishes like “A Study in Mississippi Rabbit” and “Georgia English Pea and Buttermilk Soup”, there’s plenty of regional flavor to be savored. To top it all off, the beverages are as delectable as the Southern gourmet meals. Restaurant Eugene received the Wine Spectator Award of Excellence four years in a row!

Most Authentic Foreign: Veni Vidi Vici

Two years in a row, from the Atlanta Business Chronicle, Veni Vidi Vici received the Consumer’s Choice Award for Business excellence. Not only is the service laudable, but meals arrive steaming, fresh from the kitchen. Duck is served straight off the spit! As the Executive Chef at Veni Vidi Vici, Jamie Adams must deliver authentic Italian tastes. Good thing he spent nearly five years mastering his craft in Italy.

Best Menu: JOEL

Chef Joel Antunes founded the gastronomic gem that is JOEL. To make him the culinary mastermind that he is today, he learned and practiced his skills in London, Asia, Paris, and Southern France. Once Atlanta, he created French dishes with outstanding Asian and Mediterranean panache. JOEL’s extraordinary menu offers fine entrees like “Duck Leg Confit, Fregola Pasta, Banyuls Jus”, scrumptious desserts, such as “Chocolate Pistachio Millefeuille”, and includes an exquisite thirty-page wine list.

Most Unique: Kyma

Nothing quite compares to Kyma, the posh Greek seafood tavern. Upon walking in, two words come to mind: upscale spaceship. Imitation constellations sprawl across the deep blue ceiling. The structure includes bold curves, which makes sense; “kyma” translates to “wave” in English. Even the food is innovative. Executive Chef Pano I. Karatassos puts a modern twist on traditional Greek. His ingenious work has been recognized in national publications like Wine Enthusiast and In Style.

Best Chef: The Dining Room

Through 21 years of booming business, The Dining Room of the Buckhead Ritz-Carleton has delivered mouth-watering meals, surpassing the highest of expectations. Executive Chef Arnaud Berthelier is the fourth appointed to The Dining Room kitchen. He has perfected his talent all of over the world, from the Sinai Peninsula to his native Northeastern France. The tastes of Spain, Africa, France, and the Mediterranean are all palpable in the dishes he prepares.

Best Decor: Bluepointe

Contemporary, cool, and colorful are all defining qualities of Bluepointe. This sleek restaurant is a bustling singles scene where anyone can get an impressive martini. When it comes time to dine, be prepared for American fare with a bold Asian flair. This kind of cuisine is admired for its distinctive flavors. Standing out in Atlanta’s upscale dining scene is not easy, but places like Bluepointe still manage to make it look effortless.

A Kenya Safari Holiday Must Include The Meru National Park

admin — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 13:34:59 +0000

The Meru National Park is a must go to destination if you are planning a safari holiday in Kenya.

It is over 320 kms from Nairobi, on the slopes of the Nyambeni Mountain range to the north east of Mount Kenya at an altitude of between 1000-3400 Ft and has an area of over 850 sq Kms.

It has been in existence since 1968 and became famous as the home of George & Joy Adamson and Elsa the Lioness, whose grave is marked here, who lived in the Kora National Reserve, which along with the Bisanadi, Rahole & Mwingi National Reserves are associated with Meru.

Meru is a great place to go for a Kenya Safari Holiday because not only is it wild, beautiful and relatively uncrowded, because it is the least visited of Kenyaâ€™s larger Parks, but it also has a good cross section of game to view.

This is brought about firstly by the position of Meru which lies across the Equator, and is split by thirteen rivers and many mountain streams, which branch out from the Tana River at the southern border.

In terms of scenery there is everything from high woodlands to wide open plains with a huge number of riverbanks.

A section of the park has been designated as a wilderness area, and so there are no roads there, although the rest of the park has decent access roads and tracks, which deteriorate quite dramatically in the rains.

The game you should expect to see will include large prides of lion, elephant, cheetah, leopard, and Lesser Kudu duiker and Dik Dik antelopes. You may also see some of the largest herds of buffalo in Kenya, with a lot of hippo and crocodile in the rivers. Meru was one of the areas that suffered most through poaching twenty years ago, but good policing and security patrols have driven out the poachers.

There are believed to be over 300 different species of birds here at Meru so if your Kenya Safari Holiday is primarily one of ornithology then you should be more than happy to see species including Peterâ€™s Finfoot, Pelâ€™s fishing owl, kingfishers, bee-eaters to name just a few.

The beauty of Meru is that you will not encounter many other tourists when out on a game drive.

To get to Meru is a question of driving for around eight hours from Nairobi to Meru town. In all probability youâ€™ll need to organize a Safari Lodge package, and this would be part of it. If you want to access Kora National Reserve, along with the Bisanadi, Rahole & Mwingi, then this can be difficult and needs organizing in advance.

There are three airstrips that you can use to access Meru on your Kenya Safari Tour.

The times to visit Meru on your Kenya Safari Holiday are definitely the dry months, and the climate is generally hot and dry with an average altitude of around 2000 feet. Youâ€™ll find the nights are quite pleasantly cool, even a jersey in the evenings!!

The summer months are December through March, the rain then falls between March and May. The winter is July to September and it rains again between November and December.

At Meru you will need to take precautions as it is a malaria area, so wear light long sleeved clothing and long trousers with DEET sprayed on as the most effective insect repellent.

You need to sleep under treated mosquito netting, and the doors and windows should be screened against mosquitos. If you are lucky enough to have a fan or even airconditioning then even better, but just remember malaria prophylaxis doesnâ€™t totally prevent Malaria, itâ€™s best to cover up and spray.

The Meru is probably not the best National Park to visit if this is your first ever Kenya Safari Holiday, but if you have an eye for detail and previous experience then you must not leave it out as part of your next Kenya Safari Tour.

For more information about In Kenya Safaris Go To http://www.in-kenyasafari.com/pages/Site-Map.html

The prehistoric human diaspora

admin — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 10:08:12 +0000

THE PROBLEM: HUMAN REMAINS FROM HOMO ERECTUS INDICATE THAT THESE EARLY HUMANS WERE ESTABLISHED IN MANY LOCATIONS WORLDWIDE, ABOUT 1.5 TO 1.9 MILLION YEARS AGO. FURTHER GENETIC EVIDENCE HAS ESTABLISHED THAT THERE WAS INTERACTION BETWEEN AFRICAN AND ASIAN POPULATIONS.

THE BASIC OUT OF AFRICA THEORY HOLDS THAT HOMO ERECTUS AND LATER HOMO SAPIENS LEFT AFRICA IN WAVES CROSSING INTO ASIA AND EUROPE. H. ERECTUS SUPPOSEDLY LEFT AFRICA 1.5 MILLION YEARS AGO, AND H.SAPIENS 100,000 YEARS AGO.

It will be obvious that the problem and the theory don’t have much in common except referring to the same species and the same planet. Professionals please bear with some glaringly obvious statements while I make this argument.

Matters are not noticeably improved by the fact that H. Erectus seems to have been everywhere he was supposed to be “going”, nearly half a million years before he’s supposed to have left. Perhaps the theory needs some work.

A further possibility is that the Asians were the ancestors of at least some of the others, including one of the Africans. That raises one or two issues, too. Just to complicate things, apparently “out” of Africa wasn’t the general theme of some of the early humans. They went to Algeria and Morocco, probably for no other reason than to annoy anthropologists, but they went there.

I have no desire or intent to denigrate the decades of hard work that went into making these discoveries. Quite the opposite. I think the theories are now a poor testimony for the work.

Inevitably, as more information arises, theories get cluttered. Logic gets stuck on details which may or may not be in the correct context(s). Let’s try another approach:

(1) The animal in question is a new-ish form of life, a go-anywhere/eat anything, species.

(2) Going anywhere and eating anything, in the prehistoric environment, was a very dangerous process. Long distances increased risks. New food types, poisonous plants, dangerous animals, the dangers are both plentiful and serious, and mistakes can do terrible things to small groups.

(3) The constraints on the movement of any living thing are food and above all water.

(4) Viable populations, able to move or expand for any length of time, must have conditions in which they can prosper. Population growth indicates that H. Erectus was a very successful breeder. Therefore they must have been able to maintain themselves well, and make their operational ranges effective.

(5) Physical obstacles,